The Tayrona National Nature Park is located at the foot of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, in the Caribbean region of Colombia. Politiquement, elle fait partie de Santa Marta.
34 km from the urban center of Santa Marta, is one of the most important natural parks in Colombia. This is the habitat of a great name of special divisions in the regions with different thermal levels allant at the level of the sea below 900 m altitude.
It is considered as the most important ecological reserves of South America, it possesses great beauty in nature and abundant flora and fauna, fresh beaches, archaeological vestiges, waterfalls and ravins.
Sur the 15,000 hectares that make up the park, 3,000 are in the marine zones.
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Creation
The park was created in 1964.1 In 1969, 15,000 land hectares and 4,500 marine hectares were defined as a natural park due to the high biological and archaeological value they possess. Before the Conquest, the natural park corresponded to an area inhabited by Tayrona indigenous people in towns such as the small town of Chairama.
Geography
It extends from the Caribbean Sea to 900 m above sea level. n. m. in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.
Climate
The predominant climate is humid tropical with temperatures ranging between 25 and 38 °C. It has two rainy periods: from May to June and from September to November.
Flora and fauna
More than 350 species of algae are distributed in the maritime strip of the park, while the terrestrial flora has more than 770 different species of plants. The park is characterized by its tropical landscape, coral formations, white beaches, rocky coastline, mangroves and lagoons. You can find felines such as Panthera onca (jaguar), Leopardus pardalis (ocelot), Leopardus wiedii (ocelot) and the puma.
Archeology
In the area there are archaeological ruins that denote the existence of human settlements of the Tayrona tribe that occupied the region from pre-Columbian times until well into the Colony (15th and 16th centuries).2​
Places of interest
Viewpoint in Cabo San Juan del GuÃa
Seven Waves Beach.
Although it is a nature reserve, the park provides services for the practice of ecotourism. Numerous natural spectacles and hikes can be found in different areas of the park. They stand out among them:
Chairama Archaeological Museum, located in the Cañaveral sector, near the mouth of the Piedras River. It has a permanent archaeological exhibition.
Los Naranjos Trail.
Playa del Muerto, since 2010 it has been called "Playa Cristal".
Arrecifes Sector, area with accommodation services, bathrooms and restaurant. The beach is not suitable for swimming due to the force of the waves.
La Piscina, beach adjacent to the Arrecifes sector, enabled for swimming. You can swim to the reefs and see different kinds of fish.
Piedras River bed.
Cabo San Juan de GuÃa, the most secluded sector with accommodation services, bathrooms and restaurants. It is possible to stay and walk to Pueblito Chairama, or spend the day on its beaches. This sector of the Tayrona park is considered one of the best and most visited by foreign tourists. Cape San Juan de GuÃa is located approximately 9 kilometers from the second entrance to the Tayrona park called "El zaino". You can get to the beach by walking for approximately two and a half hours, on horseback, or by taking a boat directly from Taganga. During the journey it is possible to see different species of fauna, flora and ecosystems characteristic of the region. Likewise, the Kogui indigenous people live in this sector of the park, who at certain times of the year decide to prevent access to carry out environmental healing rituals. Accommodation is in a campsite or hammocks. As for food, there is a variety of foods; pasta, rice, fish, meat. It is advisable to bring good hydration, sunscreen and repellent.
Pueblito Chairama, archaeological ruins of the Tayrona settlers who inhabited it more than 500 years ago.
Boca de Saco Beach is not officially a nudist beach, but visitors usually practice this modality since it is a not very crowded beach. Bathing is not allowed but you can enjoy the water on its shores with great caution.
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